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The Sanctifying Function of the Church » The Sacraments » Marriage » Matrimonial consent
Canon 1095. The following are incapable of contracting marriage:

1° those who lack sufficient use of reason;

2° those who suffer from a grave lack of discretionary judgement concerning the essential matrimonial rights and obligations to be mutually given and accepted;

3° those who, because of causes of a psychological nature, are unable to assume the essential obligations of marriage.

Sunt incapaces matrimonii contrahendi:

1° qui sufficienti rationis usu carent;

2° qui laborant gravi defectu discretionis iudicii circa iura et officia matrimonialia essentialia mutuo tradenda et acceptanda;

3° qui ob causas naturae psychicae obligationes matrimonii essentiales assumere non valent.
Canon 1096. §1 For matrimonial consent to exist, it is necessary that the contracting parties be at least not ignorant of the fact that marriage is a permanent partnership between a man and a woman, ordered to the procreation of children through some form of sexual cooperation.

§2 This ignorance is not presumed after puberty.

§1. Ut consensus matrimonialis haberi possit, necesse est ut contrahentes saltem non ignorent matrimonium esse consortium permanens inter virum et mulierem ordinatum ad prolem, cooperatione aliqua sexuali, procreandam.

§2. Haec ignorantia post pubertatem non praesumitur.
Canon 1097. §1 Error about a person renders a marriage invalid.

§2 Error about a quality of the person, even though it be the reason for the contract, does not render a marriage invalid unless this quality is directly and principally intended.

§1. Error in persona invalidum reddit matrimonium.

§2. Error in qualitate personae, etsi det causam contractui, matrimonium irritum non reddit, nisi haec qualitas directe et principaliter intendatur.
Canon 1098. A person contracts invalidly who enters marriage inveigled by deceit, perpetrated in order to secure consent, concerning some quality of the other party, which of its very nature can seriously disrupt the partnership of conjugal life.

Qui matrimonium init deceptus dolo, ad obtinendum consensum patrato, circa aliquam alterius partis qualitatem, quae suapte natura consortium vitae coniugalis graviter perturbare potest, invalide contrahit.
Canon 1099. Provided it does not determine the will, error concerning the unity or the indissolubility or the sacramental dignity of marriage does not vitiate matrimonial consent.

Error circa matrimonii unitatem vel indissolubilitatem aut sacramentalem dignitatem, dummodo non determinet voluntatem, non vitiat consensum matrimonialem.
Canon 1100. Knowledge of or opinion about the nullity of a marriage does not necessarily exclude matrimonial consent.

Scientia aut opinio nullitatis matrimonii consensum matrimonialem non necessario excludit.
Canon 1101. §1 The internal consent of the mind is presumed to conform to the words or the signs used in the celebration of a marriage.

§2 If, however, either or both of the parties should by a positive act of will exclude marriage itself or any essential element of marriage or any essential property, such party contracts invalidly.

§1. Internus animi consensus praesumitur conformis verbis vel signis in celebrando matrimonio adhibitis.

§2. At si alterutra vel utraque pars positivo voluntatis actu excludat matrimonium ipsum vel matrimonii essentiale aliquod elementum, vel essentialem aliquam proprietatem, invalide contrahit.
Canon 1102. §1 Marriage cannot be validly contracted subject to a condition concerning the future.

§2 Marriage entered into subject to a condition concerning the past or the present is valid or not, according as whatever is the basis of the condition exists or not.

§3 However, a condition as mentioned in §2 may not lawfully be attached except with the written permission of the local Ordinary.

§1. Matrimonium sub condicione de futuro valide contrahi nequit.

§2. Matrimonium sub condicione de praeterito vel de praesenti initum est validum vel non, prout id quod condicioni subest, exsistit vel non.

§3. Condicio autem, de qua in §2, licite apponi nequit, nisi cum licentia Ordinarii loci scripto data.
Canon 1103. A marriage is invalid which was entered into by reason of force or of grave fear imposed from outside, even if not purposely, from which the person has no escape other than by choosing marriage.
[NB see Authentic Interpretation of canon 1103, 23.IV.1987]

Invalidum est matrimonium initum ob vim vel metum gravem ab extrinseco, etiam haud consulto incussum, a quo ut quis se liberet, eligere cogatur matrimonium.
Canon 1104. §1 To contract marriage validly it is necessary that the contracting parties be present together, either personally or by proxy

§2 The spouses are to express their matrimonial consent in words; if, however, they cannot speak, then by equivalent signs.

§1. Ad matrimonium valide contrahendum necesse est ut contrahentes sint praesentes una simul sive per se ipsi, sive per procuratorem.

§2. Sponsi consensum matrimonialem verbis exprimant; si vero loqui non possunt, signis aequipollentibus.
Canon 1105. §1 For a marriage by proxy to be valid, it is required:

1° that there be a special mandate to contract with a specific person;

2° that the proxy be designated by the mandator and personally discharge this function;

§2 For the mandate to be valid, it is to be signed by the mandator, and also by the parish priest or local Ordinary of the place in which the mandate is given or by a priest delegated by either of them or by at least two witnesses, or it is to be drawn up in a document which is authentic according to the civil law.

§3 If the mandator cannot write, this is to be recorded in the mandate and another witness added who is also to sign the document; otherwise, the mandate is invalid.

§4 If the mandator revokes the mandate, or becomes insane, before the proxy contracts in his or her name, the marriage is invalid, even though the proxy or the other contracting party is unaware of the fact.

§1. Ad matrimonium per procuratorem valide ineundum requiritur:

1° ut adsit mandatum speciale ad contrahendum cum certa persona;

2° ut procurator ab ipso mandante designetur, et munere suo per se ipse fungatur.

§2. Mandatum, ut valeat, subscribendum est a mandante et praeterea a parocho vel Ordinario loci in quo mandatum datur, aut a sacerdote ab alterutro delegato, aut a duobus saltem testibus; aut confici debet per documentum ad normam iuris civilis authenticum.

§3. Si mandans scribere nequeat, id in ipso mandato adnotetur et alius testis addatur qui scripturam ipse quoque subsignet; secus mandatum irritum est.

§4. Si mandans, antequam procurator eius nomine contrahat, mandatum revocaverit aut in amentiam inciderit, invalidum est matrimonium, licet sive procurator sive altera pars contrahens haec ignoraverit.
Canon 1106. Marriage can be contracted through an interpreter, but the parish priest may not assist at such a marriage unless he is certain of the trustworthiness of the interpreter.

Matrimonium per interpretem contrahi potest; cui tamen parochus ne assistat, nisi de interpretis fide sibi constet.
Canon 1107. Even if a marriage has been entered into invalidly by reason of an impediment or defect of form, the consent given is presumed to persist until its withdrawal has been established.

Etsi matrimonium invalide ratione impedimenti vel defectus formae initum fuerit, consensus praestitus praesumitur perseverare, donec de eius revocatione constiterit.

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