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Processes » The Contentious Trial » The Oral Contentious Process
Canon 1656. §1 The oral contentious process dealt with in this section can be used in all cases which are not excluded by law, unless a party requests an ordinary contentious process.
§2 If the oral process is used in cases other than those permitted by the law, the judicial acts are null.
§1. Processu contentioso orali, de quo in hac sectione, tractari possunt omnes causae a iure non exclusae, nisi pars processum contentiosum ordinarium petat.
§2. Si processus oralis adhibeatur extra casus iure permissos, actus iudiciales sunt nulli.
§2 If the oral process is used in cases other than those permitted by the law, the judicial acts are null.
§1. Processu contentioso orali, de quo in hac sectione, tractari possunt omnes causae a iure non exclusae, nisi pars processum contentiosum ordinarium petat.
§2. Si processus oralis adhibeatur extra casus iure permissos, actus iudiciales sunt nulli.
Canon 1657. An oral contentious process in first instance is made before a sole judge, in accordance with can. 1424.
Processus contentiosus oralis fit in primo gradu coram iudice unico, ad normam can. 1424.
Processus contentiosus oralis fit in primo gradu coram iudice unico, ad normam can. 1424.
Canon 1658. §1 In addition to the matters enumerated in can. 1504, the petition which introduces the suit must:
1° set forth briefly, fully and clearly the facts on which the plaintiff’s pleas are based;
2° indicate the evidence by which the plaintiff intends to demonstrate the facts and which cannot be brought forward with the petition; this is to be done in such a way that the evidence can immediately be gathered by the judge.
§2 Documents which support the plea must be added to the petition, at least in authentic copy.
§1. Libellus quo lis introducitur, praeter ea quae in can. 1504 recensentur, debet:
1° facta quibus actoris petitiones innitantur, breviter, integre et perspicue exponere;
2° probationes quibus actor facta demonstrare intendit, quasque simul afferre nequit, ita indicare ut statim colligi a iudice possint.
§2. Libello adnecti debent, saltem in exemplari authentico, documenta quibus petitio innititur.
1° set forth briefly, fully and clearly the facts on which the plaintiff’s pleas are based;
2° indicate the evidence by which the plaintiff intends to demonstrate the facts and which cannot be brought forward with the petition; this is to be done in such a way that the evidence can immediately be gathered by the judge.
§2 Documents which support the plea must be added to the petition, at least in authentic copy.
§1. Libellus quo lis introducitur, praeter ea quae in can. 1504 recensentur, debet:
1° facta quibus actoris petitiones innitantur, breviter, integre et perspicue exponere;
2° probationes quibus actor facta demonstrare intendit, quasque simul afferre nequit, ita indicare ut statim colligi a iudice possint.
§2. Libello adnecti debent, saltem in exemplari authentico, documenta quibus petitio innititur.
Canon 1659. §1 If an attempt at mediation in accordance with can. 1446 §2 has proven fruitless, the judge, if he deems that the petition has some foundation, is within three days to add a decree at the foot of the petition. In this decree he is to order that a copy of the plea be notified to the respondent, with the right to send a written reply to the tribunal office within fifteen days.
§2 This notification has the effects of a judicial summons that are as mentioned in can. 1512.
§1. Si conamen conciliationis ad normam can. 1446, §2 inutile cesserit, iudex, si aestimet libellum aliquo fundamento niti, intra tres dies, decreto ad calcem ipsius libelli apposito, praecipiat ut exemplar petitionis notificetur parti conventae, facta huic facultate mittendi, intra quindecim dies, ad cancellariam tribunalis scriptam responsionem.
§2. Haec notificatio effectus habet citationis iudicialis, de quibus in can. 1512.
§2 This notification has the effects of a judicial summons that are as mentioned in can. 1512.
§1. Si conamen conciliationis ad normam can. 1446, §2 inutile cesserit, iudex, si aestimet libellum aliquo fundamento niti, intra tres dies, decreto ad calcem ipsius libelli apposito, praecipiat ut exemplar petitionis notificetur parti conventae, facta huic facultate mittendi, intra quindecim dies, ad cancellariam tribunalis scriptam responsionem.
§2. Haec notificatio effectus habet citationis iudicialis, de quibus in can. 1512.
Canon 1660. If the exceptions raised by the respondent so require, the judge is to assign the plaintiff a time-limit for a reply, so that from the material advanced by each he can clearly discern the object of the controversy.
Si exceptiones partis conventae id exigant, iudex parti actrici praefiniat terminum ad respondendum, ita ut ex allatis utriusque partis elementis ipse controversiae obiectum perspectum habeat.
Si exceptiones partis conventae id exigant, iudex parti actrici praefiniat terminum ad respondendum, ita ut ex allatis utriusque partis elementis ipse controversiae obiectum perspectum habeat.
Canon 1661. §1 When the time-limits mentioned in cann. 1659 and 1660 have expired, the judge, after examining the acts, is to determine the point at issue. He is then to summon all who must be present to a hearing, which is to be held within thirty days; for the parties, he is to add the formulation of the point at issue.
§2 In the summons the parties are to be informed that, to support their assertions, they can submit a short written statement to the tribunal at least three days before the hearing.
§1. Elapsis terminis, de quibus in can. 1659 et 1660, iudex, perspectis actis, formulam dubii determinet; dein ad audientiam, non ultra triginta dies celebrandam, omnes citet qui in ea interesse debent, addita pro partibus dubii formula.
§2. In citatione partes certiores fiant se posse, tres saltem ante audientiam dies, aliquod breve scriptum tribunali exhibere ad sua asserta comprobanda.
§2 In the summons the parties are to be informed that, to support their assertions, they can submit a short written statement to the tribunal at least three days before the hearing.
§1. Elapsis terminis, de quibus in can. 1659 et 1660, iudex, perspectis actis, formulam dubii determinet; dein ad audientiam, non ultra triginta dies celebrandam, omnes citet qui in ea interesse debent, addita pro partibus dubii formula.
§2. In citatione partes certiores fiant se posse, tres saltem ante audientiam dies, aliquod breve scriptum tribunali exhibere ad sua asserta comprobanda.
Canon 1662. In the hearing, the questions mentioned in can. 1459--1464 are considered first.
In audientia primum tractantur quaestiones de quibus in can. 1459-1464.
In audientia primum tractantur quaestiones de quibus in can. 1459-1464.
Canon 1663. §1 The evidence is assembled during the hearing, without prejudice to the provision of can. 1418.
§2 A party and his or her advocate can assist at the examination of the other parties, of the witnesses and of the experts.
§1. Probationes colliguntur in audientia, salvo praescripto can. 1418.
§2. Pars eiusque advocatus assistere possunt excussioni ceterarum partium, testium et peritorum.
§2 A party and his or her advocate can assist at the examination of the other parties, of the witnesses and of the experts.
§1. Probationes colliguntur in audientia, salvo praescripto can. 1418.
§2. Pars eiusque advocatus assistere possunt excussioni ceterarum partium, testium et peritorum.
Canon 1664. The replies of the parties, witnesses and experts, and the pleas and exceptions of the advocates, are to be written down by the notary in summary fashion, restricting the record to those things which bear on the substance of the controversy. This record is to be signed by the persons testifying.
Responsiones partium, testium, peritorum, petitiones et exceptiones advocatorum, redigendae sunt scripto a notario, sed summatim et in iis tantummodo quae pertinent ad substantiam rei controversae, et a deponentibus subsignandae.
Responsiones partium, testium, peritorum, petitiones et exceptiones advocatorum, redigendae sunt scripto a notario, sed summatim et in iis tantummodo quae pertinent ad substantiam rei controversae, et a deponentibus subsignandae.
Canon 1665. The judge can admit evidence which is not alleged or sought in the plea or the reply, but only in accordance with can. 1452. After the hearing of even one witness, however, the judge can admit new evidence only in accordance with can.
1600.
Probationes, quae non sint in petitione vel responsione allatae aut petitae, potest iudex admittere tantum ad normam can. 1452; postquam autem vel unus testis auditus est, iudex potest tantummodo ad normam can. 1600 novas probationes decernere.
1600.
Probationes, quae non sint in petitione vel responsione allatae aut petitae, potest iudex admittere tantum ad normam can. 1452; postquam autem vel unus testis auditus est, iudex potest tantummodo ad normam can. 1600 novas probationes decernere.
Canon 1666. If all the evidence cannot be collected during the hearing, a further hearing is to be set.
Si in audientia probationes omnes colligi non potuerint, altera statuatur audientia.
Si in audientia probationes omnes colligi non potuerint, altera statuatur audientia.
Canon 1667. When the evidence has been collected, an oral discussion is to take place at the same hearing.
Probationibus collectis, fit in eadem audientia discussio oralis.
Probationibus collectis, fit in eadem audientia discussio oralis.
Canon 1668. §1 At the conclusion of the hearing, the judge can decide the case forthwith, unless it emerges from the discussion that something needs to be added to the instruction of the case, or that there is something which prevents a judgement being correctly delivered. The dispositive part of the judgement is to be read immediately in the presence of the parties.
§2 Because of the difficulty of the matter, or for some other just reason the decision of the tribunal can be deferred for up to five canonical days.
§3 The full text of the judgement, including the reasons for it, is to be notified to the parties as soon as possible, normally within fifteen days.
§1. Nisi ex discussione aliquid supplendum in causae instructione comperiatur, vel aliud exsistat quod impediat sententiam rite proferri, iudex illico, expleta audientia, causam seorsum decidat; dispositiva sententiae pars statim coram partibus praesentibus legatur.
§2. Potest autem tribunal propter rei difficultatem vel aliam iustam causam usque ad quintum utilem diem decisionem differre.
§3. Integer sententiae textus, motivis expressis, quam primum, ordinarie non ultra quindecim dies, partibus notificetur.
§2 Because of the difficulty of the matter, or for some other just reason the decision of the tribunal can be deferred for up to five canonical days.
§3 The full text of the judgement, including the reasons for it, is to be notified to the parties as soon as possible, normally within fifteen days.
§1. Nisi ex discussione aliquid supplendum in causae instructione comperiatur, vel aliud exsistat quod impediat sententiam rite proferri, iudex illico, expleta audientia, causam seorsum decidat; dispositiva sententiae pars statim coram partibus praesentibus legatur.
§2. Potest autem tribunal propter rei difficultatem vel aliam iustam causam usque ad quintum utilem diem decisionem differre.
§3. Integer sententiae textus, motivis expressis, quam primum, ordinarie non ultra quindecim dies, partibus notificetur.
Canon 1669. If the appeal tribunal discerns that a lower tribunal has used the oral contentious procedure in cases which are excluded by law, it is to declare the judgement invalid and refer the case back to the tribunal which delivered the judgement.
Si tribunal appellationis perspiciat in inferiore iudicii gradu processum contentiosum oralem esse adhibitum in casibus a iure exclusis, nullitatem sententiae declaret et causam remittat tribunali quod sententiam tulit.
Si tribunal appellationis perspiciat in inferiore iudicii gradu processum contentiosum oralem esse adhibitum in casibus a iure exclusis, nullitatem sententiae declaret et causam remittat tribunali quod sententiam tulit.
Canon 1670. In all other matters concerning procedure, the provisions of the canons on ordinary contentious trials are to be followed. In order to expedite matters, however, while safeguarding justice, the tribunal can, by a decree and for stated reasons, derogate from procedural norms which are not prescribed for validity.
In ceteris quae ad rationem procedendi attinent, serventur praescripta canonum de iudicio contentioso ordinario. Tribunal autem potest suo decreto, motivis praedito, normis processualibus, quae non sint ad validitatem statutae, derogare, ut celeritati, salva iustitia, consulat.
{Canones 1671-1691 mutati sunt per litteram apostolicam motu proprio Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus die VIII mensis Dicembris anno MMXV promulgatam.}
In ceteris quae ad rationem procedendi attinent, serventur praescripta canonum de iudicio contentioso ordinario. Tribunal autem potest suo decreto, motivis praedito, normis processualibus, quae non sint ad validitatem statutae, derogare, ut celeritati, salva iustitia, consulat.
{Canones 1671-1691 mutati sunt per litteram apostolicam motu proprio Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus die VIII mensis Dicembris anno MMXV promulgatam.}
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